Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) Organizational Leadership Practice Test

Which theory emphasizes that specific, difficult goals motivate people?

1. Two-Factor Theory

2. Equity Theory

3. Goal-Setting Theory

4. Hierarchy of Needs Theory

The correct answer is: Goal-Setting Theory

The theory that emphasizes that specific, difficult goals motivate people is Goal-Setting Theory. This theory, developed by Edwin Locke, posits that setting clear and challenging goals enhances performance and motivation. When individuals are aware of what is expected of them through specific goals, they are more likely to engage in activities that lead to higher motivation and effort. The rationale behind this theory is that specific goals provide direction and benchmarks for performance, while difficult goals push individuals to extend their efforts, leading to greater achievement. This contrasts with vague or easy goals, which may not inspire the same level of commitment or performance. In comparison, the other theories mentioned focus on different aspects of motivation and do not specifically highlight the importance of goal setting. Two-Factor Theory, for example, distinguishes between motivational factors that lead to job satisfaction and hygiene factors that prevent dissatisfaction, rather than focusing primarily on the goal-setting process. Equity Theory centers on perceived fairness in work relationships, assessing how individuals feel about their contributions compared to others, while Hierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that individuals are motivated by fulfilling a sequence of needs, beginning with basic physiological needs and moving towards self-actualization.