What phenomenon occurs when group members align their decisions not based on merit but to avoid conflict?

The phenomenon where group members align their decisions not based on merit but to avoid conflict is known as groupthink. This occurs when the desire for harmony or conformity in a group leads to irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcomes. Members of the group suppress dissenting viewpoints, fail to critically analyze alternatives, and prioritize the consensus over the quality of the decision. This can lead to poor choices and a lack of innovation, as critical thinking is stifled in favor of maintaining group cohesion.

Social loafing refers to individuals in a group putting forth less effort compared to when they are working alone, which is different from the dynamics of decision-making discussed here. Delegation involves assigning responsibility for tasks to others, which can enhance participation and decision-making processes but does not directly pertain to aligning decisions to avoid conflict. Teamwork emphasizes collaboration and collective effort toward a common goal, but it does not inherently involve the problematic behaviors seen in groupthink. Understanding groupthink is crucial for fostering an environment that encourages open dialogue and diverse opinions, thereby leading to better decision-making outcomes.