Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) Organizational Leadership Practice Test

What are the two classifications identified by Douglas McGregor regarding leadership assumptions about followers?

1. Positive and Negative Theory

2. Theory X and Theory Y

3. Transactional and Transformational Leadership

4. Autocratic and Democratic Leadership

The correct answer is: Theory X and Theory Y

Douglas McGregor identified two classifications known as Theory X and Theory Y, which describe contrasting assumptions about human behavior and motivations in the workplace. Theory X assumes that followers are inherently lazy, dislike work, and will avoid responsibility if possible. Consequently, this perspective leads to an authoritarian style of leadership where control is emphasized, and strict supervision is utilized to ensure compliance. On the other hand, Theory Y presents a more optimistic view, suggesting that individuals are self-motivated, enjoy taking responsibility, and can be trusted to work creatively towards objectives. This belief fosters a more participatory and supportive leadership style, where leaders encourage employee engagement and empowerment. By understanding these two theories, leaders can better adapt their management styles to effectively motivate and lead their teams based on the underlying assumptions they hold about their followers.